【时讯】BBC随身英语：了解青少年的大脑发育过程和优势

原标题:“bbc身边的英语:理解青少年大脑的发育过程和优势”

直到最近，人们一直认为人脑在幼儿期结束时完全停止了发育。 但是，这表明在过去的10年里，人脑从青春期到成人初期之间也在变化。 这个“随身英语”会带你去青少年的大脑，介绍一些关于“青春期”的英语表达。

vocabulary: adolescence用语:青春期

what were you like as a teenager？ iwasanightmare.iwasrudetomyparents，always stayed out late，never did my homework，hungoutwiththewrongpeopleandmadelotsofbaddecision thisistheagewhenteenagersareoutofcontrolandbehavebadly.my aly if you ' re a teenager now，youthinkthisisunfaircriticismorit ' snotyous

expertshavefoundthatit ' sa teenager ' sbrainthatistoblame.betweentheagesofapproximately 13 to 19-APeriodknownasadolescence-s ISSST ol behaviour.thishasanimpactonlearningandmultitasking，stress and memory，sleep，addiction and decision-making.for parents， theseconsequencesoftenmanifestthemselvesinavarietyofbehavioursthattheymayhavepreviouslybaly

this is quite a new discovery，accordingtoprofessorsarah-Jayne Blakemore，who， speakingonthebbcradioprogramethelifescintific says " when I was at university， thedogmainthetextbookswasthatthevastmajorityofbraindevelopmentgoesoninthefirstfewyearsoflifeandnothingmuchchangesaftermid-chaa

sourbrainsarestilldevelopingmuchlaterthanwasoriginalythought.isthisthistheperfectexcuseforteenagerstoloungearoundandnotgethies of course not！ accordingtoprofessorsarah-jayne blakemore，it ' stodowithourprefrontalcortex–that ' sthepartofourbrainrightatthefront， 使用justbehindtheforehead.shesays " it ' sinvolvedinawholerangeofveryhigh-levelcognitivetaskssuchasdecisionmakingandplaning -。 hatthisregionisundergoingveryverylargeamountsofdevelopmentduringtheadolescentyears ".thisisthepartofthebraincalyinvlove planning this hasn ' tdevelopedyet.sogettingorganisedtodotheirhomework，for example，cancomeasbiofa

iwishi ' dknownaboutthisbecauseinsteadoftellingmyteacheri ' dleftmyhomeworkonthebusorthatthedoghadeatenit.nowicouldsay，" sorry sir

词汇表

nightmare“噩梦”，棘手的人和事件

out of control失控

adolescence青春期

进行multitasking和多个事件

激素。

moodiness感情变化，喜怒无常

dogma教条

lounge around悠闲地生活着

prefrontal cortex额皮质

cognitive task识别任务

adolescent青春期，青少年的

critically极其

测试和练习

1 .阅读课文，回答问题。

1. during adolescence，whatisthoughttobehappeningtotheareaofthebrainthatiscontrollingbehaviour？

2.howhaveideasaboutearlybraindevelopmentchanged？

3.whattasksdoestheprefrontalcortexpartofthebrainaffect？

4. true or false？ it ' shardforteenagerstogetorganisedbecausethepartofthebrainneededtodothisisstilldeveloping。

5.whichwordusedinthearticlemeans ' tobecomeclearthroughsignsoractions '？

2 .请在不参考文本的情况下完成以下练习。 选择适合句子空间意思的单词。

1.ourjourneywasa _ _ _ _ _.firstwegotstuckinatrafficjamandthenourcarbrokedown！

dogma

nightmare

cognitive task

out of control

2.it ' s _ _ _ _ _ importantthatwesignthecontracttoday，otherwise we will lose the business。

危机。

critically

严重y。

克里斯蒂斯

3.we ' reblamingourson ' sbehaviouronhis _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it can ' t be anything else can it？

adolescent

dogma

nightmare

霍蒙德斯

4.I ' vegotadayoffworktodaysoi ' MJustgoingto _ _ _ _ Andwatchtv。

lounge around

lounged around

round lounge

lounge up

5.somebusinessesfeelthepressuretochangesmokinglawshasbeendrivenmoreby _ _ _ _ thar dfacts。

moodiness

multitasking

dogma

cognitive tasks

答案

1 .阅读课文，回答问题。

1. during adolescence，whatisthoughttobehappeningtotheareaofthebrainthatiscontrollingbehaviour？

betweentheagesofapproximately 13 to 19，thebrainisstilldevelopinginareasthatcontrolbehaviour。

2.howhaveideasaboutearlybraindevelopmentchanged？

theyhavechangedfromthinkingthatthevastmajorityofbraindevelopmentgoesoninthefirstfewyearsoflifeandnothingmuchangesaftermid-TT lorityondevelopment-t hildhood，totheideathatbraindevelopmentcontinuesthroughadolescence。

3.whattasksdoestheprefrontalcortexpartofthebrainaffect？

itaffectsusperformingcognitivetaskssuchasdecisionmakingandplanning。

4. true or false？ it ' shardforteenagerstogetorganisedbecausethepartofthebrainneededtodothisisstilldeveloping。

true.theprefrontalcortexisthepartofthebraincriticallyinvolvedinplanning，and，for a teenager，this hasn ' tdevelopedyet.sogetting

5.whichwordusedinthearticlemeans ' tobecomeclearthroughsignsoractions '？

thew ordis ' manifest '." for parents，theseconsequencesoftenmanifestthemselvesinavarietyofbehavioursthattheymayhavepreviousion。

2 .请在不参考文本的情况下完成以下练习。 选择适合句子空间意思的单词。

1.ourjourneywasanightmare.firstwegotstuckinatrafficjamandthenourcarbrokedown！

2.it ' scriticallyimportantthatwesignthecontracttoday，otherwise we will lose the business。

3.we ' reblamingourson ' sbehaviouronhishormones，it can't be anything else can it？

4.I ' vegotadayoffworktodaysoi ' mjustgoingtoloungearoundandwatchtv。

5.somebusinessesfeelthepressuretochangesmokinglawshasbeendrivenmorebydogmathanhardfacts。

文案来源: bbc英语教学

实习:涂鸿娟责任:润琰